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小升初英语必背知识点归纳(多篇)

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【导语】小升初英语必背知识点归纳(多篇)为好范文网的会员投稿推荐,但愿对你的学习工作带来帮助。

小升初英语必背知识点归纳(多篇)

小升初英语语法大全 篇一

一。名词:名词单复数,名词的格

(一)名词单复数

1、一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2、以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4、以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives

5、不规则名词复数:

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese

不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

(二)名词的格

(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:

a) 单数后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt

b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’如: his friends’ bags

c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 ’s children’s shoes

? 并列名词中,如果把 ’s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:

Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车

? 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’s

Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of +名词”来表示所有关系:如:

a picture of the classroom a map of China

动词:动词的四种时态: 篇二

(1)一般现在时:

一般现在时的构成

1、be动词:主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

2、行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。 如: We study English. 我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

动词+s的变化规则

1、一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

2、以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

(2)一般过去时:

动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有:

A、规则动词

① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited

②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived , danced , used

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study – studied carry – carried worry–

worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stopped

B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat– ate ,

see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get –got , read – read

,fly – flew , am/is – was ,

are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew ,come – came , lose

– lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

(3)一般将来时:

基本结构: ①be going to + do;

②will+ do. be going to = will

I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天)。 = I will go swimming tomorrow.

(4)现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词

动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则:

① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having , writing

③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

第三部分:句法

1、陈述句

(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

(2)、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

2、疑问句

一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。

特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该

问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。

3.There be句型

There be 句型与have, has的区别

1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)x kb 1.c om

2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is ; 主语是复数,be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品,be动词根据最__近be 动词的那个名词决定。

3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。

4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。

5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑问句。

6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑问句。

7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:

How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?

How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?

8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:

What’s + 介词短语?

.英语日期的表示法 篇三

英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。

用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。

介词:常用介词:in, on, at, behind等 篇四

1.at表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)。

at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午)

2.on

1)表示具体日期。

注:(1)关于“在周末”的几种表示法:

at(on)the weekend在周末---特指

at(on)weekends在周末---泛指

over the weekend在整个周末

during the weekend在周末期间

(2)在圣诞节,应说at Christmas而不说on Christmas

2)在(刚……)的时候。

On reaching the city he called up his parents.

一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。

3.in

1)表示“时段”、“时期”,在多数情况下可以和during互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。in(during)1988(December,

the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)

.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素 篇五

(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。

如:She is a girl. →They are girls.

(2)am,is要变为are。如:I’m a student. →We are students.

(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如:He is a boy. →They are boys.

(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:It is an apple. →They are apples.

(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如:This is a box. →These are boxes.

小升初英语必背知识点归纳 篇六

一、学生易错词汇:

1.a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.

2、am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.

3、have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I , you 用 have 。

4、there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.

5、some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.

6、疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)

which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)

二、形容词比较级详解:

当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是:

什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:

I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)

An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)

形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:

① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,

② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier

④ 双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter

☆注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。

典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。)

比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。

应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.

比较级专项练习:

1、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big

(1) How is the Yellow River?

(2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.

(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.

(4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg.

2、根据句意写出所缺的单词

(1) I’m 12 years old. You’re 14. I’m than you.

(2) A rabbit’s tail is than a monkey’s tail.

(3) An elephant is than a pig.

(4) A lake is than a sea.

(5) A basketball is than a football.

3、根据中文完成句子

(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁。 I’m than my brother.

(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高。 This tree than that one.

(3) 你比他矮四厘米。 You are than he.

(4) 谁比你重? than you?

4、根据答句写出问句

(1) I’m 160 cm.

(2) I’m 12 years old.

(4) Amy’s hair is 30 cm long.、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big

(1) How is the Yellow River?

(2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.

(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.

(4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg.

2、根据句意写出所缺的单词

(1) I’m 12 years old. You’re 14. I’m than you.

(2) A rabbit’s tail is than a monkey’s tail.

(3) An elephant is than a pig.

(4) A lake is than a sea.

(5) A basketball is than a football.

3、根据中文完成句子

(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁。 I’m than my brother.

(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高。 This tree than that one.

(3) 你比他矮四厘米。 You are than he.

(4) 谁比你重? than you?

4、根据答句写出问句

(1) I’m 160 cm.

(2) I’m 12 years old.

(4) Amy’s hair is 30 cm long.

三、动词过去式详解

动词的过去式的构成规则有:

A规则动词

① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped

B不规则动词

(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:

sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

四、动词现在分词详解

动词的ing形式的构成规则:

① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing

③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

五、人称和数:

人称代词 物主代词

主格 宾格

第一

人称 单数 I(我) me my(我的)

复数 we(我们) us our(我们的)

第二

人称 单数 you(你) you your(你的)

复数 you(你们) you your(你们的)

第三

人称 单数 he(他) him his(他的)

she(她) her her(她的)

it(它) it its(它的)

复数 they(他们/她们/它们) them their(他们的/她们的/它们的)

六、句型专项归类:

1、肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:

I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

☆小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。

3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。

如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.

Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.

Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)

Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t)。

Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

☆小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上

①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。

数词:基数词,序数词 篇七

一、基数词

(1)1-20

one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,

sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty

(2)21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。

23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→

eighty-nine,91→ninety-one

(3)101—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;

586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three

(4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为million,第三个“

,”前为billion

1,001→one thousand and one

18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three

6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine

750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion

二、序数词

(1)一般在基数词后加th

eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth

(2)不规则变化

one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth

(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th

twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth

(4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。

twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth

基数词转为序数词的口诀:

基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.

一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d.

八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。

ty将y变成i,th前面有个e.

若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。

.these和those用法 篇八

this, that, these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。

①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。

②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。

③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗?

在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。

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