杨澜ted演讲稿(精选多篇)-其他演讲稿-好范文网

第一篇：杨澜在ted的演讲稿

yang lan: the generation that's remaking china

[chinese]so it's not like "hello" or "thank you," that ordinary stuff. it means "green onion for free." why did she say that? because it was a line from our chinese parallel susan boyle -- a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in shanghai, who loves singing western opera, but she didn't understand any english or french or italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable names in chinese. (laughter) and the last sentence of nessun dorma that she was singing in the stadium was "green onion for free." so [as] susan boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audience sang together. that was hilarious.

so i guess both susan boyle and this vegetable vendor in shanghai belonged to otherness. they were the least expected to be successful in the business called entertainment, yet their courage and talent brought them through. and a show and a platform gave them the stage to realize their dreams. well, being different is not that difficult. we are all different from different perspectives. but i think being different is good, because you present a different point of view. you may have the chance to make a difference.

my generation has been very fortunate to witness and participate in the historic transformation of china that has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years. i remember that in the year of 1990,when i was graduating from college, i was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in beijing, great wall sheraton -- it's still there. so after being interrogated by this japanese manager for a half an hour, he finally said, "so, miss yang, do you have any questions to ask me?"i summoned my courage and poise and said,"yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell?" i didn't have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel. that was the first day i set my foot in a five-star hotel.

around the same time, i was going through an audition -- the first ever open audition by national television in china -- with another thousand college girls. the producer told us they were looking for some sweet, innocent and beautiful fresh face. so when it was my turn, i stood up and said, "why [do] women's personalities on television always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent and, you know, supportive? why can't they have their own ideas and their own voice?" i thought i kind of offended them. but actually, they were impressed by my words. and so i was in the second round of competition, and then the third and the fourth. after seven rounds of competition, i was the last one to survive it. so i was on a national television prime-time show. and believe it or not, that was the first show on chinese television that allowed its hosts to speak out of their own minds without reading an approved script.

(applause) and my weekly audience at that time was between 200 to 300 million people. well after a few years, i decided to go to the u.s. and columbia university to pursue my postgraduate studies, and then started my own media company, which was unthought of during the years that i started my career. so we do a lot of things. i've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past. and sometimes i have young people approaching me say, "lan, you changed my life," and i feel proud of that. but then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation of the whole country. i was in beijing's bidding for the olympic games. i was representing the shanghai expo. i saw china embracing the world and vice versa. but then sometimes i'm thinking, what are today's young generation up to? how are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of china, or at large, the world?

so today i want to talk about young people through the platform of social media. first of all, who are they? [what] do they look like? well this is a girl called guo meimei -- 20 years old, beautiful. she showed off her expensive bags, clothes and car on her microblog, which is the chinese version of twitter. and she claimed to be the general manager of red cross at the chamber of commerce. she didn't realize that she stepped on a sensitive nerve and aroused national questioning, almost a turmoil, against the credibility of red cross. the controversy was so heated that the red cross had to open a press conference to clarify it, and the investigation is going on.

so far, as of today, we know that she herself made up that title -- probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity. all those expensive items were given to her as gifts by her boyfriend,who used to be a board member in a subdivision of red cross at chamber of commerce. it's very complicated to explain. but anyway, the public still doesn't buy it. it is still boiling. it shows us a general mistrust of government or government-backed institutions, which lacked transparency in the past. and also it showed us the power and the impact of social media as microblog.

microblog boomed in the year of 2014, with visitors doubled and time spent on it tripled. sina.com, a major news portal, alone has more than 140 million microbloggers. on tencent, 200 million.the most popular blogger -- it's not me -- it's a movie star, and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans. about 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people, under 30 years old. and because, as you know, the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government,social media offers an opening to let the steam out a little bit. but because you don't have many other openings, the heat coming out of this opening is sometimes very strong, active and even violent.

to girls, now we have ended up with 30 million more young men than women. that could pose a potential danger to the society, but who knows; we're in a globalized world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries. most of them have fairly good education. the illiteracy rate in china among this generation is under one percent. in cities, 80 percent of kids go to college.but they are facing an aging china with a population above 65 years old coming up with seven-point-some percent this year, and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2014. and you know we have the tradition that younger generations support the elders financially, and taking care of them when they're sick. so it means young coupleswill have to support four parents who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.

so making a living is not that easy for young people. college graduates are not in short supply.in urban areas, college graduates find the starting salary is about 400 u.s. dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500. so what do they do? they have to share space -- squeezed in very limited space to save money -- and they call themselves "tribe of ants." and for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment. that ratio in americawould only cost a couple five years to earn, but in china it's 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing real estate price.

among the 200 million migrant workers, 60 percent of them are young people. they find themselves sort of sandwiched between the urban areas and the rural areas. most of them don't want to go back to the countryside, but they don't have the sense of belonging. they(更多精彩内容请访问首页Www.haowoRD.com) work for longer hours with less income, less social welfare. and they're more vulnerable to job losses, subject to inflation,tightening loans from banks, appreciation of the renminbi, or decline of demand from europe or america for the products they produce. last year, though, an appalling incident in a southern oem manufacturing compound in china: 13 young workers in their late teens and early 20s committed suicide, just one by one like causing a contagious disease. but they died because of all different personal reasons. but this whole incident aroused a huge outcry from society about the isolation, both physical and mental, of these migrant workers.

for those who do return back to the countryside,they find themselves very welcome locally,because with the knowledge, skills and networksthey have learned in the cities, with the assistance of the internet, they're able to create more jobs,upgrade local agriculture and create new businessin the less developed market. so for the past few years, the coastal areas, they found themselves in a shortage of labor.

inequality. and so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing some of its mobility. and also, the bitterness and even resentment towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread. so any accusations of corruptionor backdoor dealings between authorities or business would arouse a social outcry or even unrest.

so through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about. social justice and government accountability runs the first in what they demand.for the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and development have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition of private property.and it has aroused huge anger and frustrationamong our young generation. sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest. so when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the internet,people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.

so the good news is that earlier this year, the state council passed a new regulation on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court. similarly, many other issues concerning public safety is a hot topic on the internet. we heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food. and guess what, we have faked beef. they have sorts of ingredients that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef.and then lately, people are very concerned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found [refining] cooking oil from restaurant slop. so all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the internet. and fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.

while young people seem to be very sure about their participation in public policy-making, but sometimes they're a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life. china is soon to pass the u.s. as the number one market for luxury brands -- that's not including the chinese expenditures in europe and elsewhere. but you know what, half of those consumers are earning a salary below 2,000 u.s. dollars. they're not rich at all. they're taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status. and this is a girl explicitly saying on a tv dating show that she would rather cry in a bmw than smile on a bicycle.but of course, we do have young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a bmw or [on] a bicycle.

volunteer work to stop that truck. and after hours of negotiation, 500 dogs were rescued. and here also people are helping to find missing children. a father posted his son's picture onto the internet. after thousands of [unclear], the child was found, and we witnessed the reunion of the family through microblogging.

so happiness is the most popular word we have heard through the past two years. happiness is not only related to personal experiences and personal values, but also, it's about the environment. people are thinking about the following questions: are we going to sacrifice our environment further to produce higher gdp? how are we going to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic growth, to keep sustainability and stability? and also, how capable is the systemof self-correctness to keep more people contentwith all sorts of friction going on at the same time?i guess these are the questions people are going to answer. and our younger generation are going to transform this country while at the same time being transformed themselves.

thank you very much.

第二篇：杨澜ted演讲稿

杨澜ted演讲稿

the night before i was heading for scotland, i was invited to host the final of "china's got talent" show in shanghai with the 80,000 live audience in the stadium. guess who was the performing guest? susan boyle. and i told her, "i'm going to scotland the next day." she sang beautifully, and she even managed to say a few words in chinese. [chinese] so it's not like "hello" or "thank you," that ordinary stuff. it means "green onion for free." why did she say that? because it was a line from our chinese parallel susan boyle -- a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in shanghai, who loves singing western opera, but she didn't understand any english or french or italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable names in chinese. (laughter) and the last sentence of nessun dorma that she was singing in the stadium was "green onion for free." so [as] susan boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audience sang together. that was hilarious.

my generation has been very fortunate to witness and participate in the historic transformation of china that has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years. i remember that in the year of 1990, when i was graduating from college, i was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in beijing, great wall sheraton -- it's still there. so after being interrogated by this japanese manager for a half an hour, he finally said, "so, miss yang, do you have any questions to ask me?" i summoned my courage and poise and said, "yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell?" i didn't have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel. that was the first day i set my foot in a five-star hotel.

well after a few years, i decided to go to the u.s. and columbia university to pursue my postgraduate studies, and then started my own media company, which was unthought of during the years that i started my career. so we do a lot of things. i've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past. and sometimes i have young people approaching me say, "lan, you changed my life," and i feel proud of that. but then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation of the whole country. i was in beijing's bidding for the olympic games. i was representing the shanghai expo. i saw china embracing the world and vice versa. but then sometimes i'm thinking, what are today's young generation up to? how are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of china, or at large, the world?

so today i want to talk about young people through the platform of social media. first

of all, who are they? [what] do they look like? well this is a girl called guo meimei -- 20 years old, beautiful. she showed off her expensive bags, clothes and car on her microblog, which is the chinese version of twitter. and she claimed to be the general manager of red cross at the chamber of commerce. she didn't realize that she stepped on a sensitive nerve and aroused national questioning, almost a turmoil, against the credibility of red cross. the controversy was so heated that the red cross had to open a press conference to clarify it, and the investigation is going on.

so far, as of today, we know that she herself made up that title -- probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity. all those expensive items were given to her as gifts by her boyfriend, who used to be a board member in a subdivision of red cross at chamber of commerce. it's very complicated to explain. but anyway, the public still doesn't buy it. it is still boiling. it shows us a general mistrust of government or government-backed institutions, which lacked transparency in the past. and also it showed us the power and the impact of social media as microblog.

microblog boomed in the year of 2014, with visitors doubled and time spent on it tripled. sina.com, a major news portal, alone has more than 140 million microbloggers. on tencent, 200 million. the most popular blogger -- it's not me -- it's a movie star, and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans. about 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people, under 30 years old. and because, as you know, the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government, social media offers an opening to let the steam out a little bit. but because you don't have many other openings, the heat coming out of this opening is sometimes very strong, active and even violent.

so through microblogging, we are able to understand chinese youth even better. so how are they different? first of all, most of them were born in the 80s and 90s, under the one-child policy. and because of selected abortion by families who favored boys to girls, now we have ended up with 30 million more young men than women. that could pose a potential danger to the society, but who knows; we're in a globalized world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries. most of them have fairly good education. the illiteracy rate in china among this generation is under one percent. in cities, 80 percent of kids go to college. but they are facing an aging china with a population above 65 years old coming up with seven-point-some percent this year, and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2014. and you know we have the tradition that younger generations support the elders financially, and taking care of them when they're sick. so it means young couples will have to support four parents who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.

themselves "tribe of ants." and for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment. that ratio in america would only cost a couple five years to earn, but in china it's 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing real estate price.

among the 200 million migrant workers, 60 percent of them are young people. they find themselves sort of sandwiched between the urban areas and the rural areas. most of them don't want to go back to the countryside, but they don't have the sense of belonging. they work for longer hours with less income, less social welfare. and they're more vulnerable to job losses, subject to inflation, tightening loans from banks, appreciation of the renminbi, or decline of demand from europe or america for the products they produce. last year, though, an appalling incident in a southern oem manufacturing compound in china: 13 young workers in their late teens and early 20s committed suicide, just one by one like causing a contagious disease. but they died because of all different personal reasons. but this whole incident aroused a huge outcry from society about the isolation, both physical and mental, of these migrant workers.

for those who do return back to the countryside, they find themselves very welcome locally, because with the knowledge, skills and networks they have learned in the cities, with the assistance of the internet, they're able to create more jobs, upgrade local agriculture and create new business in the less developed market. so for the past few years, the coastal areas, they found themselves in a shortage of labor.

these diagrams show a more general social background. the first one is the engels coefficient, which explains that the cost of daily necessities has dropped its percentage all through the past decade, in terms of family income, to about 37-some percent. but then in the last two years, it goes up again to 39 percent, indicating a rising living cost. the gini coefficient has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4. now it's 0.5 -- even worse than that in america -- showing us the income inequality. and so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing some of its mobility. and also, the bitterness and even resentment towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread. so any accusations of corruption or backdoor dealings between authorities or business would arouse a social outcry or even unrest.

so through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about. social justice and government accountability runs the first in what they demand. for the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and development have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition of private property. and it has aroused huge anger and frustration among our young generation. sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest. so when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the internet, people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.

so the good news is that earlier this year, the state council passed a new regulation on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court. similarly, many other issues concerning public safety is a hot topic on the internet. we heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food. and guess what, we have faked beef. they have sorts of ingredients that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef. and then lately, people are very concerned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found [refining] cooking oil from restaurant slop. so all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the internet. and fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.

while young people seem to be very sure about their participation in public policy-making, but sometimes they're a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life. china is soon to pass the u.s. as the number one market for luxury brands -- that's not including the chinese expenditures in europe and elsewhere. but you know what, half of those consumers are earning a salary below 2,000 u.s. dollars. they're not rich at all. they're taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status. and this is a girl explicitly saying on a tv dating show that she would rather cry in a bmw than smile on a bicycle. but of course, we do have young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a bmw or [on] a bicycle.

so in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon called "naked" wedding, or "naked" marriage. it does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding, but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring and without a wedding banquet, to show their commitment to true love. and also, people are doing good through social media. and the first picture showed us that a truck caging 500 homeless and kidnapped dogs for food processing was spotted and stopped on the highway with the whole country watching through microblogging. people were donating money, dog food and offering volunteer work to stop that truck. and after hours of negotiation, 500 dogs were rescued. and here also people are helping to find missing children. a father posted his son's picture onto the internet. after thousands of [unclear], the child was found, and we witnessed the reunion of the family through microblogging.

so happiness is the most popular word we have heard through the past two years. happiness is not only related to personal experiences and personal values, but also, it's about the environment. people are thinking about the following questions: are we going to sacrifice our environment further to produce higher gdp? how are we going to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic growth, to keep sustainability and stability? and also, how capable is the system of self-correctness to keep more people content with all sorts of friction going on at the same time? i guess these are the questions people are going to answer. and our younger generation are going to transform this country while at the same time being transformed themselves. thank you very much.

第三篇：杨澜ted演讲

杨澜ted演讲：重塑中国的年轻一代讲义

yang lan, born in 1968 in beijing, who holds a master's degree from columbia university in the united states, is one of china's 50 most successful entrepreneurs and probably china's wealthiest self-made woman. yang lan was 21 in her last year at the beijing foreign studies university in 1990 when she auditioned for – and won -- the position of host of the zheng da variety show on china central television. within a year zheng da, a prime-time-saturday celebrity quiz and talk show, was china's top-rated tv program, with an audience of 220 million. despite her celebrity, yang lan quit the show after four years to go to new york where she spent two years earning a master's degree at columbia university's school of international & public affairs. yang's tv skills are matched by a keen mind for business. in 1999, with her husband, bruno wu zheng, she started her own media company, sun television cyber networks (sun tv). traded on the hong kong stock exchange since last april, sun tv was valued at $179 million on nov. 3. yang owns 35%, worth $63 million.yang's mother was an engineer, and her father taught english literature at beijing foreign studies university and sometimes served as the official translator for former chinese premier zhou enlai. yang lan was appointed one of the image ambassadors of beijing in its 2014 bid in january, joining deng yaping and two other chinese women to be so honored: gong li, the film actress, and sang lan, the gymnast who was paralyzed in 1998 as she represented china at the goodwill game in the united states.

key words：

1. heading for 去...2.performing guest表演嘉宾3.vendor 小贩

4.hilarious 滑稽的5. belonged to otherness 属于少数

6.historic transformation 历史变革 7. interrogate面试审问

8. summon the courage 鼓起勇气 9.poise 稳定10.set my foot in步入

11.audition 试镜 12.supportive服从的 13.bidding for 申办14. vice versa反之一样

15.the chamber of commerce商会 16.stepped on a sensitive nerve触动敏感神经

17.turmoil混乱焦虑 18.credibility可信性 19.controversy was so heated 争议发酵

20.subdivision分支 21.the public still doesn’t buy it公众不买账 22.boom 快速增长

23.selected abortion 选择性堕胎 24.favored boys to girls重男轻女

25.pose a potential danger to the society给社会带来不稳定因素

26.illiteracy rate文盲率 27.life expectancy人均寿命 28.tribe of ants蚁族

29. skyrocketing猛涨的 30. migrant workers农民工 31. sense of belonging归属感

32. vulnerable脆弱的 33. appalling incident骇人听闻的事件

34. contagious disease传染病 35.outcry from society 社会呼吁 36.resentment 愤恨

37.accusations of corruption 腐败指控 38. backdoor dealings走后门

39.unrest 不稳定 40.accountability责任性 41.massive urbanization急速城镇化

42. forced demolition of private property强制拆迁私人住户

43. set themselves on fire to protest自焚方式来抗议

44.cooking oil from restaurant slop地沟油 45.commitment 承诺

46. keep sustainability and stability保持稳定性和可持续性发展

第四篇：杨澜ted观后感

an objective analysisyanglan delivered her speech about chinese youth mainly about several following questions: who are they？ how are they different and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of china, or at large, the world？

as is known to us, our young generation we was born in the 80s and 90s under the one-child policy at a time when china has undergone so many enormous historical transformations, there is no doubt that thy are different and in her address, i have observed a great many sparkling points from their descent behaviors. first of all, most of them are well-educated. the illiteracy rate among this generation is under one percent. this totally indicates that they have great knowledge and wisdom. they are improving our nation’s soft influence so that it won’t take long time for us to build a powerful china. what’s more, they

have rather high sense of social responsibilities and missions. on one hand, they have undertaken their obligations to the fullest extent. among the city’s workers, 80% are young people. regardless of lower income, less social welfare and worse living conditions, they just sacrifice themselves to deepen our country’s industrialization and urbanization. some of them even return to the countryside a less developed market where with their intelligence they are able to create more jobs, upgrade local agriculture and create new business. in their hands issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers have been nicely solved. on the other hand, they have made most of their rights to do something meaningful. facing a series of frustrating social phenomena, such as guomeimei case, forced demolition of private property, public safety, they cry for social justice and government accountability. finally it works out. it’s certain that they are participating in

public policy-making. also they are doing good through social media, saving those abandoned dogs. in addition, they have the unique spirit of challenging the traditional culture.naked wedding is their creativity. they are ready to get married without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring and a wedding banquet to show their commitment to true love. it is those shining points that have presented us a different view of the young generation. therefore, they have the chance to make a difference.

of course, for this generation, when they purse their happiness, they are suffering from a variety of adversities which have been mentioned in the speech, an aging china, the skyrocketing real estate price, the income inequality the polluted environment etc. but i am deeply convinced that our younger generation has the abilities to overcome them, have the potentials to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic

growth, to keep sustainability and stability, for they truly know that their personal fates are closely related to our nation’s development and prosperity. they will have hopeful prospect!

第五篇：杨澜ted演讲的单词列表

vocabulary

introduction

entrepreneur 企业家

the oprah of china 中国的奥普拉

insight 洞察

microblog 微型

injustice 不公正

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- part 1

scotland 苏格兰

chin’s got talent 千石的got人才

susan boyle 苏珊大妈

parallel 并联

vendor 供应商

managed 管理

lyrics 歌词

nessun dorma 今夜无人入睡

otherness 他物

least expected 至少预期

entertainment 娱乐

perspectives 观点

point of view 点的观点

platform平台

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- part 2

fortunate 幸运

witness 证人

transformation 改造

sheraton 喜来登

interrogated 审问

summoned 传唤

poise 镇静

offended 得罪

prime-time 黄金时段

script 脚本

unheard 闻所未闻

embracing拥抱

vice versa 反之亦然

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ part 3

social media 社会化媒体

twitter 叽叽喳喳

claimed 声称

chamber of commerce 商会

sensitive 敏感

nerve 神经

aroused 引起

turmoil 动荡

credibility 信誉

controversy 争议

clarify 澄清

investigation 调查

associated 相关

transparency 透明度

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- part 4

abortion 流产

pose 提出

potential 潜在

illiteracy 文盲

short supply 供不应求

tribe of ants 部落的蚂蚁

ratio 比

skyrocketing 暴涨

sandwiched 夹

vulnerable 脆弱

inflation 通货膨胀

tightening 收紧

loans 贷款

appreciation 升值

decline 下降

appalling 骇人听闻的

incident 事件

compound 复合

contagious 传染性的

isolation 隔离

upgrade 升级

coastal 沿海

shortage 短缺

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- part 5

diagrams 图

engels coefficient 恩格尔系数

dropped 下降

indicating 说明

rising 上升

gini coefficient 基尼系数

inequality 不平等

frustrated 沮丧

losing 失去

mobility 流动

bitterness 苦味

resentment 怨恨

widespread 广泛

accusations 指责

corruption 腐败

backdoor dealings 幕后交易

arouse 唤起

outcry 喊叫

unrest 动荡

accountability 问责制

massive 大规模的

urbanization 城市化

forced 被迫

demolition 拆除

requisition 征用

faked 伪造

refining 提炼

slop 泥浆

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- part 6

policy-making 决策

personal life 个人生活

luxury 豪华

expenditures 支出

consumers 消费者

sense of identity 认同感

social status 社会地位

explicitly 明确

diamond ring 钻戒

banquet 宴会

commitment 承诺

caging 隔离罩

kidnapped 绑架

food processing 食品加工

spotted 斑

negotiation谈判

witnessed 目击

reunion 团圆

sacrifice 牺牲

reform 改革

sustainability 可持续发展 stability 稳定

capable 能力

self-correctness

content 内容

friction 摩擦

transform 变换

自我的正确性

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